In today’s tense geopolitical context, certain countries seek to sway other states’ policies in their favour or destabilise their societies. This activity is known as foreign information manipulation and interference (FIMI). To counter FIMI, the lie must be debunked following several steps. In the third article of this five-part series on countering foreign interference, Reporters Without Borders (RSF) outlines a step-by-step fact-checking process to help journalists verify claims, assess evidence and transparently present their findings.